Island



e generator or boiler.

aries redimir irme.

ANDREW ROBESON, JR., OF NEXVPORT, RHODE ISLAND.

lll/[ODE OF BUCKING CLOTH.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 10,014, dated September 13, 1853.

To aM whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ANDREW RoimsoN, Jr., of Newport, in the county of Newport and State of Rhode Island, have invented an Improved Mode of Bowlring or Bucking 1@ erences thereof.

Cf the said drawings Figure l exhibits a side elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation, Fig'. 3 a vertical, central, and transverse section, Fig. 4 a top view, and Fig. 5 a central and longitudinal section of the apparatus used in bowking cloth by my said invention.

n the said drawings A denotes a closed ,vessel or lreir made of copper or other suitable material and divided into two chambers B, C, by means ot' a grating or perforated partition D.

E is a forcing pump whose induction pipe is seen at F as connected with an opening out of the lower part of the chamber C.

rlhe eduction pipe oi' the said forcing pump is seen at Cr and as passing out of the top of the forcing pump on the upper valve chamber H thereof, through the side of the chamber C and up through the middle ot' the chamber B and near the top of the same where it is surmounted by a meniscus shaped deliector.

K, L and M are thefvalves of the forcing pump, N its piston, and C its piston rod which is worked up and down by means of an eccentric P xed upon the-shaft Q.

Into the upper part ot the vessel A a steam pipe R is led, the said steam pipe being made to communicate with a steam The said steam pipe is provided with a safety valve S and a stop coclr T. A small pipe U is also carried down through the middle ot' the vessel A from or near the top of the pipe Cr and terminates atits bottom just below the grating D, and has a small safety or weighted valve V` iixed upon its lower end.

In the use of the above described apparatus the goods to be bowled or bucled are laid within the chamber B of the heir A placed in t-he chamber C and` such chamber s to be heated or not as occasion may require, by heat applied to its external surface.

The force pump being set in operation the hot liquor from the chamber C will be drawn out of the lower part thereof and forced up through the pipe G against the deflector K by which it will be distributed upon the top surface of the cloth. Now if steam is let into the chamber B through the pipe it it will press closely upon the cloth and bowlring liquor thrown upon it, and will aid in causing a rapid iltration of the iowlring liquor through the goods or cloth and into the chamber C. The bowlring liquor thus not only descends by the power of gravity as it does in the common Yprocess of using a heir, but it is forced downward and through the cloth by the superincumbent pressure of the steam. lf the pressure of the steam at any time exceeds the maximum pressure required for the operation of the heir, the safety valve V weighted' to such maximum pressure will be forced open or raised and allow the steam to escape into the chamber C where it will be condensed in the bowking liquor.

A pipe for the discharge or' the contents of the vessel C may be led out ot' the bottoni of the said Avessel and be provided with a stop cock and the vessel A may have an opening a through its top and a cover Z) to said opening as seen in the drawings, the said cover being' provided with suitable contrivances by which it may he readily fixed on or removed from the opening as occasion may require. rihe said opening fr, is inA tended for both the supplying1 of the goods and bowlring liquor to the heir, or the removal of the goods therefrom.

l am aware that a leir has been constructed of two chambers, and that a lifting pump has been applied to the lower one to raise the working liquor from the lower chamber and discharge it into the upper one, and in the top of the goods, the upper chamber being an open chamber, open at its top. Now the lower chamber being heated the steam arising from the bowling liquor in it is suffered to pass through a grating (dividing the two chambers) and upward through the goods or clot-h. the passage of the steam upward through the cloth, opposes and prevents to a considera-ble extent the infiltration orl the bowling liquor.

l am also aware that a closed vessel or heir has been used and made with two apart- In this case ments divided by a grating essentially as represented in the accompanying drawings. Also that a pipe has been led from the middle of the grating and out of the lower chamber and up through the upper chamber and provided with a deflector on its top. In this case heat being applied to the lowermost vessel, steam was made to ascend from the bowking liquor therein, and not only pass up through the grating and goods, but through the pipe and upon top of the goods. In this last apparatus there being the same pressure of steam below the goods as there is above them, the filtration of the liquor through the goods derives little or no assistance from the pressure of the steam.

I am also aware that an open keir has been made with two chambers and a central vomit-ing pipe covered by a defiector and that a steam pipe has been led into the lower chamber to discharge steam into and heatthe bowking liquor used therein. And that while the central pipe extended down some distance, the pressure of steam in the upper part of said chamber would force the bowking liquor upward through the vomiting pipe and upon the top of the goods so that such liquor C would descend through the goods and pass into the lower chamber of the two chambers and through the grating which separated the two chambers. In this last instance the upward pressure of the steam against the lower part of the cloth or goods is opposed to the downward filtration of the bowking liquor'.

In my improved method of bowking the pressure of the steam is not only employed to saturate the goods, but to assist and increase the filtration of the bowlzing liquor through them. The experiments I have performed have led me to discover, by the use of my apparatus, a very great saving of time and labor in the bowling of cloth. I am led to believe that there will be not only a saving of at least ii'fty per cent. in time, but there will be great saving in fuel over the common process of bowking.

I am also aware, that a closed leir has been used in connection with a yclose vessel placed by the side of it, and connected with it and a steam generator and a cistern by such contrivances as would allow a liquid and steam to be alternately thrown into the upper part of the keir, the process of supplying the keir, with one being interrupted, while that of the other was being carried on and the whole being for the purpose of separating and cleansing the fibers of' hemp or certain other vegetable substances, in

'order to prepare them for being spun or converted into yarns. This last differs esaentially from my process of' bowking, as by my said process, the keir is not supplied wit-h the liquor and steam at diiferent times, whereby the supplying it with the steam is interrupted, while that of the liquor is going on, but both are carried on simultaneously under a constant pressure of the steam, the apparatus for the supply of the liquor being in constant operation. This makes a very important improvement in the process, as the operation is a consta-nt one, while the advantage of forcing the liquor down through the cloth by the pressure of the steam applied only on the top of the cloth is maintained. T,

Nhat therefore I claim as my invention or improvement is,

The employmentof a closed keir or vessel as above described and extracting the bowl;- ing liquor from the lower part of it and forcing it into the upper part of it, while steam is being injected only into the upper part of' the said vessel, and on the top of the goods whereby, while the bowking liquor is being thrown on the top of the mass of goods, the steam is constantly and simultaneously made to press upon and pass into and through the goods, and facilitate the action of the bowking liquor and its passage through the cloth as stated.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my signature, this twenty-fourth day of September, A. D., 1852.

A. ROBESON, JR.

IVitnesses R. I'I. EDDY, GEORGE W. CUTLER. 

